California Codes, Civil Code - CIV, Division 3 — Obligations, Part 1 — Obligations in General, Title 2 — Interpretation of Obligations, Chapter 2 — Joint or Several Obligations, Section 1431
Joint Liability
An obligation imposed upon several persons, or a right created in favor of several persons, is presumed to be joint, and not several, except as provided in Section 1431.2, and except in the special cases mentioned in the title on the interpretation of contracts. This presumption, in the case of a right, can be overcome only by express words to the contrary.
Notes
Establishes a presumption that an obligation imposed on several persons, or a right created for several persons, is joint rather than several, subject to the specified statutory exceptions. For a shared right, the presumption can be overcome only by express words stating a contrary arrangement.
Use as reference
Lexinter.net | California Code, Civil Code - CIV § 1431 | https://laws.lexinter.net/codes/california/civil-code/division-3/part-1/title-2/chapter-2/section-1431