California Codes, Civil Code - CIV, Division 3 — Obligations, Part 3 — Obligations Imposed by Law, Section 1711
One who practices a deceit with intent to defraud the public, or a particular class of persons, is deemed to have intended to defraud every individual in that class, who is actually misled by the deceit.
Notes
Establishes that a person who practices deceit intending to defraud the public or a particular class is treated as having intended to defraud every member of that class who is actually misled. Individual fraudulent intent is therefore attributed to each deceived class member when the deceit targets the class generally.
Use as reference
Lexinter.net | California Code, Civil Code - CIV § 1711 | https://laws.lexinter.net/codes/california/civil-code/division-3/part-3/section-1711