California CodesCalifornia Constitution - CONSArticle VII — Public Officers and EmployeesSection 1
(a) The civil service includes every officer and employee of the State except as otherwise provided in this Constitution.
(b) In the civil service permanent appointment and promotion shall be made under a general system based on merit ascertained by competitive examination.
Notes
Defines state civil service to include every state officer and employee unless the Constitution provides otherwise. Requires permanent civil-service appointments and promotions to follow a general merit system, with merit determined through competitive examination rather than an alternate selection basis.
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Lexinter.net | Cal. Const. art. VII, § 1 | https://laws.lexinter.net/constitution/california/article-vii/section-1